The Effect of Nanoselenium Consumption during High Intensity Interval Training on IL-۴ and IFN-γ Gene Expression in Thymus Organ of Dexamethasone-Induced Immunosuppressive Rats

Introduction: The thymus is a specialized lymphatic organ in the immune system and plays a vital role in the normal functioning of the immune system. Observed ۲۴ and ۴۸ hours after dexamethasone, thymocytes are reduced by ۵۵% and ۸۴%, respectively, which can be associated with a decrease in anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL۴ and IFN-γ. The aim of present study was to evaluate the The effect of nanoselenium consumption during high intensity interval training on IL-۴ and IFN-γ gene expression in thymus organ of dexamethasone-induced immunosuppressive rats. Methods: The study samples in the present study consisted of ۴۰ male Wistar rats that were randomly divided into ۵ groups: healthy control group (CON), immunosuppression group (DEX), immunosuppression + exercise group (DEX + TRA), immunosuppression group + nanosillenium (DEX + SEL), immunosuppression group + nanoselnium + training (DEX + TRA + SEL) were divided. Suppression of the immune system of the samples was performed by injecting of ۰.۴ mg / kg per day dexamethasone for three days. The training program included ۴ weeks of intense intermittent training (HIIT) in the DEX + TRA and DEX + TRA + SEL groups, and supplementation with ۱۰۰ mg / kg selenium nanoparticles in the DEX + SEL and DEX + TRA + SEL groups. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA in SPSS ۲۶ software at significance level of α <۰.۰۵. Results: The data showed that IFN-γ gene expression decreased in all groups compared to the control group (p = ۰.۰۰۰۱). The difference between DEX + SEL and DEX + SEL + TRA groups was less than other groups. Also, IL۴ gene expression in thymus tissue was significantly reduced in DEX and DEX + TRA groups compared to healthy controls (p = ۰.۰۴۸ and p = ۰.۰۱۳, respectively). Conclusion: In the present study, it was found that intense exercise activity in high-intensity interval training (HIIT) may inhibit immune reactions and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the thymus tissue of rats whose immune system was suppressed by DEX. Therefore, exercise for strengthening the immune system in these people should be done with more caution.

Keywords:

Nanoselnium , IL-۴ , IFN-γ , Dexamethasone , Interval training