The Qur'an's attitude towards freedom of expression and the views ofproponents and opponents, especially Orientalists

This article uses a descriptive-analytical method and library tools to examine the Qur'an's attitude towards freedom of expression and the views of proponents and opponents, especially Orientalists, with the necessity of This is important. Freedom has been mentioned as one of the natural human rights in all human societies and its concept and examples have always been disputed throughout history. Freedom has various meanings, of which freedom of opinion and freedom of expression can be mentioned as examples. Freedom of expression is the external expression of freedom of opinion. Regarding the existence of freedom of expression, thinkers are divided into two groups, those who agree and those who disagree, who either agree with the freedom of expression either completely or consider this freedom conditional. In Islam, the issue of freedom has been studied. The existence of verses, hadiths and manners of the infallibles in the heart of Islam is proof of this claim. Also, freedom has not been neglected from the point of view of Muslim thinkers, so that research in their works shows that they consider freedom of expression as a basic presupposition in Islam. In the law of the Islamic Republic of Iran, no one can be attacked and reprimanded just for having an opinion, but this principle is silent about the promotion of certain ideas. However, it can be rationally and legally acknowledged that freedom of expression should not conflict with the principles of Islam or public law. Muslim thinkers and the constitution of the Islamic Republic, drafted by Muslim mujtahids, accept freedom of expression and its examples, including the press, parties and communities. But they insist on complying with useful human principles and laws.

Keywords:

freedom , freedom of expression , freedom of opinion , human rights