Two Component System in Bacteria

Bacteria commonly use two-component signal transduction pathways to couple environmental stimuli to adaptive responses. Most species contain more than a dozen two component systems (TCSs) that regulate a wide variety of behaviors, including fundamental processes such as metabolism and motility in addition to specialized processes such as virulence and development.This narrative, non-systematic review provides an update on the two component signal transduction system in bacteria.In this review, we retrieved ۶۳ published papers about two component signal transduction system in bacteria from ۱۹۹۰ to ۲۰۲۰ and summarize the current understanding of the structural and functional features of all part that participate a two component signal transduction system.The two component systems domains has been identified with statistical significance in multidomain proteins that participate in a variety of signal transduction processes. The two component systems in bacteria differs from ‘input’ sensing domains and ‘output’ receiver domains homologues, and in receptor contexts is likely to act not as an adapter module, mediating association of signalling complexes, but rather as a sensor of conformational change and inhibitor of constitutive histidine kinase signalling. Recognition that domains are widespread among prokaryotic signalling proteins should assist in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms that mediate the intricate regulation of prokaryotic membrane-associated signalling arrays.

Keywords:

Two-Component-System , Bacterial-Systems , Bacterial-Signaling , Transduction