Stem Cell Therapy in Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Cell therapy is broadly applied to the cure of the majority of diseases, particularly Traumatic Brain Injury) TBI). The study aimed to review cell therapy in the treatment of TBI. Method: Online databases such as Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, and PubMed were searched. Keywords used were traumatic brain injury, cell therapy, and human neural stem cells. Two reviewer authors individually searched and assessed the abstracts and titles; a third reviewer resolved disagreements. Data documented cited study location, type of complications, various traumatic brain injuries and type of neural stem cell, and cell transplantation. Results: Seven studies, including two studies regarding stem cell therapy after chronic TBI, one study about the Treatment of Severe Adult Traumatic Brain Injury using Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells, and four records about Transplantation and Migrate Stem Cells were included. Treating severe adult traumatic brain injury using an intravenously delivered autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell infusion proved safe and logistically feasible. Inflammatory biomarkers are downregulated after cell infusion. Data indicated that Stem Cells migrate to sites of TBI damage and that their presence correlates with cognitive improvement. The results validated the potential of Cryobanked Human Neural Stem Cells to improve function after TBI and demonstrate long-term bio-banking effects. Conclusion: Mature stem cells have demonstrated prospective novel situations for TBI Cell therapy. Novel approaches could use biological matrices that allow cell survival and separation of grafted stem cells in excellent ratios compared to standard treatment.

Keywords:

Traumatic Brain Injury , cell therapy , Stem cell therapy