Factors Involved in the Mortality of Infants under the Age of One Year in Bandar Abbas-Iran: A Document-Based Study

Background The first year of life is of a great significance in promoting health and the quality of life. The present research aimed to determine the factors affecting the mortality of infants below the age of one year in Bandar Abbas, Iran. Materials and Methods The present retrospective research was conducted based on a questionnaire developed by the present researchers as well as the analysis of documents along with a phone interview. The data collection method was to review the files in the medical records of Bandar Abbas Children's Hospital in ۲۰۱۷. In case it was needed, visits were paid to the houses of the ۳۴۲ infant participants who were under one year of age. The data entered SPSS ۱۶.۰ software. Results According to the present results, from ۳۴۲ case (۱۴۸ cases occurred in ۲۰۱۶ and ۱۹۴ cases in ۲۰۱۵), ۲۲۳ subjects (۶۵.۲%) had died during infancy and ۱۱۹ subjects (۳۴.۸%) died between one month to one year of age. The highest frequency of death occurred within the first ۷ days. The most important cause of infant death was sepsis and the primary cause of one month to one year children was preterm birth. Data analysis in the present study showed statistically significant relationship between the following variables and infant mortality: birth weight (p˂.۰۰۱), type of delivery (p=۰.۰۴۵), type of infant nutrition (p<۰.۰۰۱), and type of birth (p=۰.۰۰۲) Conclusion The most important cause of infant death was sepsis and the primary cause of one month to one year children was preterm birth. Special attention to infancy particularly preterm infants, advertise natural delivery, and early diagnosis of congenital anomalies, can help to cut down on the rate of infant mortality.

Keywords:

Affective factors , Infant , Iran , Mortality