The Prevalence of p۱۶ Expression in Urothelial Bladder Cancer in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Chattogram, Bangladesh

Background & Objective: p۱۶ is a tumor suppressor gene, loss of which is usually associated with poor epithelial differentiation, resulting in tumor progression, which correlates with aggressive clinical behavior and poor prognosis. CDK ۴/۶ inhibitors can be used as a therapeutic target in p۱۶ negative cases. Bladder cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers, prognosis of which depends not only upon the histopathological type, grade, and invasiveness but also on many other factors. The purpose of this study was to examine p۱۶ expression in bladder urothelial carcinoma among the people who receive treatment at a tertiary care facility in Chattogram, Bangladesh.Methods: At the Department of Pathology, Chittagong Medical College we did this cross-sectional study from July ۲۰۱۹ to September ۲۰۲۱. The study included fifty-one cases of primary urothelial bladder cancer for histopathological examinations. Immunostaining was done by using a primary antibody against p۱۶.Results: Among the ۵۱ cases, twenty-six cases (۵۱%) showed positive p۱۶ expression. The proportion of patients with high-grade (۶۶.۷%) and muscle-invasive (۸۶.۴%) tumors were more prone to show p۱۶ negativity.Conclusion: The result of this study shows the high grade and muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer is linked to reduction of p۱۶ expression, which may provide additional prognostic information to stratify the high-risk patients and can also guide treatment plans, being a therapeutic target.

Keywords:

grading , Immuno expression of p۱۶ , Muscle invasiveness , Urothelial carcinoma