The Effects of Vitamin D۳ and N-Acetylcysteine Administration in Patients with COVID-۱۹ Hospitalization in the Iranian Population

Background and Aims: In the absence of treatment for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus ۲, there is an urgent need to find alternative methods to control the spread of coronavirus disease ۲۰۱۹ (COVID-۱۹). This study was conducted to compare the effects of vitamin D۳ and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on clinical status indicators in patients with COVID-۱۹ hospitalization in Abadan, Iran. Materials and Methods: ۱۰۰ hospitalized patients with COVID-۱۹ infection participated in this study. Patients were randomly allocated to four groups: ۳ intervention groups and ۱ control group. All patients received standard treatment. In addition, the intervention-۱ group received NAC tablets and vitamin D۳ placebo ampoules. The intervention-۲ group received NAC tablets and vitamin D۳ ampoules. The intervention-۳ group received vitamin D۳ ampoules and NAC placebo tablets. The control group received vitamin D۳ placebo ampoules and NAC placebo tablets. Symptoms of the disease and clinical status indicators were compared in groups in the baseline and on days ۷, ۱۴, ۲۱, and ۲۸, respectively. Results: The trial comparison showed that the incidence of cough, dyspnea, and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase in laboratory tests in the NAC-P۱ group was lower than in the other three groups (p <۰.۰۰۵). Also, the results showed a significant difference in the length of hospitalization between the four groups. The length of hospitalization was decreased in the NAC-D۳ group (p < ۰.۰۲۴). Conclusion: Based on the results, vitamin D۳ supplements and NAC can improve some outcomes in COVID-۱۹ treatment; however, more randomized controlled trial studies are required in this field.

Keywords:

Clinical trials , COVID-۱۹ , Infection , N-Acetylcysteine , Vitamin D۳