Evaluation of the Anti-inflammatory and Cytotoxic Activity of Methanol Extracts of Psacalium decompositum and Scopulophyla parryi in VERO and Detroit Cell Lines

Periodontal diseases are characterized by inflammation and destruction of tooth-supporting tissues. There is interest in anti-inflammatory substances of plant origin because of their advantage in relation to classic anti-inflammatory drugs. The cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effect of extracts of Scopulophila parryi and Psacalium decompositum (A.Gray) H.Rob. & Brettell were evaluated with the ۳-[۴,۵-dimethylthiazole-۲-yl]-۲,۵-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) method and their pro-inflammatory cytokine profile was determined in a human peripheral blood monocyte culture model. The plant was collected and identified and the methanol extract was prepared by maceration. Cytotoxicity was evaluated in vitro with the MTT (۳-[۴,۵-dimethylthiazole-۲-yl]-۲,۵-diphenyltetrazolium) assay in two cell lines, VERO and Detroit ۵۵۱ human fibroblasts. The anti-inflammatory activity of human peripheral blood monocytes and gene expression of the proinflammatory cytokines, IL-۱, IL-۶ and IL-۸, were evaluated The extract of P. decompositum was less toxic on the VERO and Detroit ۵۵۱ cell lines with a DL۵۰ of ۷۷.۳۰ μg/mL and the S. parryi extract had ۱۵۰.۵۸ μg/mL. Both extracts significantly reduced expression of IL-۱β, IL-۶, and IL-۸ at ۳۰۰ μg/mL for S. parryi and at ۴۰۰ μg/mL for P. decompositum. The extract of P. decompositum was less toxic for both cell lines and the two methanol extracts are good alternatives as immunomodulators of proinflammatory cytokines.

Keywords:

Cytokines , Toxicity , cell lines , periodontal