Study of Local Black Iraqi Goats Genotypes for the Cytb Gene

Goats are the earliest domesticated ruminants. The local goat, Capra hircus, is considered one of the most important animals globally to provide good livestock production under harsh environmental conditions. This study aimed to detect the genetic structures of the local Iraqi goats bred in the central and southern regions of the country and investigate the possibility of benefiting from their genetic structures to construct improvement programs for increasing the productivity of these animals. To this end, blood samples were taken from ۱۵ domestic black goats. A total of ۱۰ ml of each animal’s blood was placed in plastic containers of ۱۰ ml. The DNA was extracted and sent to the laboratories of Juan Ju University, People’s Republic of China, to analyze the sequences of the nitrogenous bases of the Cytochrome b (Cytb) gene. The results showed the presence of a genetic morphology for a segment of ۶۷۰ base pairs for all the studied samples, and ۱۵ sequences of this strain were recorded in the gene bank under the following accession numbers (LC۴۹۶۳۵۳.۱:۱-LC۴۹۶۳۶۷.۱:۱). The sequences of the nitrogenous bases of this segment of the gene, which were registered in the gene bank of some international goat breeds, were used for comparison with the sequences of black Iraqi goats to analyze the phylogenetic tree, calculate the genetic distance, study haplotypes, and calculate neutrality. The results showed the presence of one mutation in the studied segment of the Cytb gene, with a size of ۶۷۰ bp. The mutation in base ۴۶ of the studied gene converted from the purine group to the pyrimidine group (the shift from the nitrogen leaders Alocal black Iraqi goat breed, and the other included all the international breeds under comparison. It is concluded that the black Iraqi goat breed has a different origin from other breeds.

Keywords:

local black , Iraqi goats genotypes , Cytb gene