Evaluation of the Coenzyme Q۱۰ and Some Biochemical Parameters in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a common diagnosis and a leading cause of death in both males and females. It accounts for ۳۰% of deaths worldwide, including ۴۰% in high-income countries and approximately ۲۸% in developing nations. Several cardiac markers have been used to diagnose and manage cardiovascular diseases. The Coenzyme Q۱۰ (CoQ۱۰) plays a potential role in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases by improving cellular bioenergetics. This study aimed to evaluate the role of CoQ۱۰ and other biochemical parameters in IHD (angina pectoris and myocardial infarction). A case-control study was conducted at the Intensive Care Unit of Ibn-Sina Teaching Hospital and Al-Salam General Hospital in Nineveh Province, Iraq, for two months, from April ۱ to June ۱, ۲۰۲۲. It included ۹۰ adult participants divided into case and control groups. The case group included ۶۰ patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit and diagnosed with IHD (myocardial infarction or angina pectoris), and the control group included ۳۰ healthy participants matched in age and gender with the case group. Subsequent assay of C-reactive protein (CRP), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), troponin level, and serum CoQ۱۰. In this study, ۸۱.۷% of patients in the case group were diagnosed with myocardial infarction. Means of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), CRP, CPK, and troponin were significantly higher, while those of CoQ۱۰ were significantly lower in the case group, compared to the controls. Statistically, a significant moderate negative correlation was detected between CoQ۱۰ level and age. Moreover, significant weak correlations were observed between CoQ۱۰ level and all serum LDH, CRP, and troponin levels. Patients with IHDs had considerably low serum levels of CoQ۱۰, compared to the control group. The highest mean value of lipid profile, except for triglyceride, was observed in patients with IHD, compared to the control group. This explains the role that cholesterol compounds play in the progression of IHD. No significant correlations were found between CoQ۱۰ with body mass index and CPK. The CoQ۱۰ had a negative correlation with age, serum LDH, CRP, and troponin.

Keywords:

biomarkers , Cardiovascular diseases , coenzyme Q۱۰ , Iraq , ischemia