Clinical and Histopathological Characteristics of Colorectal Cancer in Iraq between ۲۰۱۵-۲۰۲۱

Colorectal cancer (C.R.C.) is the commonest malignancy in the gastrointestinal tract and is the fourth leading reason behind cancer-associated death in the world. It usually begins with the non-cancerous proliferation of mucosal epithelial cells. These growths are polyps and might grow gradually for ۱۰–۲۰ years before becoming cancerous. This study was designed to investigate the epidemiology of the diagnosed cases of colorectal cancer from ۲۰۱۵ to ۲۰۲۱ in Baghdad. A total of ۶۰ cases of different colorectal cancer samples were collected from Medical City Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, and private labs. Clinical information was also collected, including patients' age, tumor size, gender and location, pathological grade, and stage. Results revealed a high incidence of C.R.C. in patients aged ۶۰-۹۰ years for the rate of ۴۰.۳%, with a high frequency in the left colon of ۵۹.۶%. The dominant tumor size was ۵cm in malignant cases, and a high incidence of C.R.C. was seen in the female by ۵۲.۰%. While the most frequent tumor stage was stage I.I.A., with a rate of ۵۹.۶%, and moderately differentiated was the foremost one with ۶۷.۳% (P≤۰.۰۵). The most common type of C.R.C. in Iraq is adenocarcinoma, which occurs in patients older than ۶۰years and presented at the I.I.A. stage of disease with moderate tumor grade. Early disease detection and diagnosis are effective in its control and treatment.

Keywords:

colorectal tumors , Adenocarcinoma , risk factors , Epidemiology