Prognostic Significance of Notch-۴, SATB-۲, and Glutaminase-۱ in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

Background: Neurogenic locus notch homology ۴ (Notch-۴) is crucial in maintaining stem cells. Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein ۲ (SATB-۲) is a transcription factor that binds to the nuclear matrix and serves various functions, including brain development. Glutaminase-۱ (GLS-۱) plays a pivotal role in cancer cell metabolism, growth, and proliferation. This study aims to assess the expression of these markers in colorectal cancer, establishing correlations with clinicopathological characteristics and patient survival.Method: In this retrospective study, we retrieved and analyzed ۶۸ formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks of primary colorectal adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified cases, and adjacent normal mucosa. Notch-۴, SATB-۲ and GLS-۱ expressions were analyzed using immunohistochemistry at the Zagazig School of Medicine, Egypt.Results: High expressions of Notch-۴ and GLS-۱ and low expression of SATB-۲ were observed in colonic adenocarcinoma but not in adjacent non-neoplastic mucosa (P < ۰.۰۰۱). High expressions of Notch-۴ and GLS-۱, along with low expression of SATB-۲, were associated with a higher tumor grade, advanced stage (P < ۰.۰۰۱), lymphovascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, and poor disease-free survival and overall survival rates (P < ۰.۰۰۱).Conclusion: High expression of Notch-۴ and GLS-۱ is correlated with a poor prognosis in colorectal cancer, while high expression of SATB-۲ is associated with a favorable prognosis for colorectal carcinoma. These markers can aid in predicting tumor prognosis and guiding targeted therapy for colorectal carcinoma.

Keywords:

Colorectal neoplasms , Immunohistochemistry , Prognosis