Clean and healthy environmental behavior in terms of malnutrition and sanitation

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: A lousy environment has the potential to be a predictor of disease transmission, which ultimately results in malnutrition among children. Meanwhile, the mother's role is crucial in the first ۱۰۰۰ days of life. This research aimed to determine the determinants of maternal behavior in preventing chronic malnutrition in children on the basis of environmental aspects.METHODS: This cross-sectional study with a quantitative design was conducted in Surabaya, Indonesia, with a sample of ۲۰۸ pregnant women and ۲۲۲ mothers of toddlers. A questionnaire was used to identify information related to the dependent variable, chronic malnutritional prevention behavior, on the basis of environmental aspects, and independent variables related to the determinants of maternal behavior. Data were analyzed via Chi-square test using the Statistical Program for Social Sciences.FINDINGS: As many as ۸۰.۸ percent of pregnant women and ۶۵.۸ percent of mothers under five had good chronic malnutritionchronic malnutrition prevention behavior. The perception of behavioral control in using clean water is significantly related to the behavior of pregnant women and mothers of toddlers, with significance values of ۰.۰۱۲ and ۰.۰۱۳, respectively. The perceived behavioral control towards washing hands with soap has a significant relationship with the behavior of pregnant women and mothers of toddlers, with significance values of ۰.۰۰۳ and ۰.۰۰۵, respectively. Pregnant women with poor behavioral control in washing their hands with clean water and soap were ۲.۹۶۳ times more likely to have poor chronic malnutritionchronic malnutritional prevention behavior than the comparison group. Subjective norms of using clean water and washing hands with clean water and soap in pregnant women are significantly related to chronic malnutritionchronic malnutrition prevention behavior, with significance values of ۰.۰۱۱ and ۰.۰۴۹, respectively, and odds ratios of ۲ and ۲.۲۸۰, respectively.CONCLUSION: Environment-based chronic malnutritionchronic malnutritional prevention behavior in mothers is primarily influenced by perceived behavioral control and subjective norms. The family can be part of the subjective norms that drive aspects of attitudes and perceptions of behavioral control related to environment-based chronic malnutritionchronic malnutrition prevention practices. Meanwhile, the aspects of controlling maternal behavior can be intervened through efforts to minimize obstacles and increase the perception of benefits from behavior to prevent chronic malnutrition. Maternal behavioral change interventions could encourage the implementation of good behavior in preventing malnutrition in children. In the end, children could learn the behavior given by their mothers and adopt it.

Keywords:

Chronic malnutrition , Clean environment , Environmental condition , Healthy living , Mother's behavior