The effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on some factors causing oxidative stress in the cardiomyocytes of mice with type II diabetes

Background and aims: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among diabetic patients. This study aimed to compare and investigate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on oxidative stress as one of the key links in the development of DCM in mice with type ۲ diabetes mellitus (T۲DM). Methods: Forty male C۵۷BL/۶J mice were randomly assigned to four groups of equal number (Control, T۲DM, T۲DM+HIIT, and T۲DM+MICT). After the induction of T۲DM, HIIT and MICT programs were conducted ۵ days a week for ۸ weeks. At the end of the experimental period, blood and heart samples were collected for subsequent measurements. Results: T۲DM significantly up-regulated the levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs, P=۰.۰۰۱) and the expression of ۱۵-lipoxygenase (۱۵-LOX, P=۰.۰۰۱) and ۴-hydroxy-۲-nonenal (۴-HNE, P=۰.۰۰۱) compared to controlled mice. After ۸ weeks of training, HIIT and MICT programs increased the levels of insulin (P<۰.۰۰۱) while reducing the levels of fasting blood glucose (P<۰.۰۰۱, P=۰.۰۲۴, respectively). On the other hand, it was found that HIIT and MICT programs significantly decreased the levels of AGEs (P<۰.۰۰۱), expression of ۱۵-LOX (P=۰.۰۰۶, P=۰.۰۱۹, respectively), and ۴-HNE (P=۰.۰۰۸ and P=۰.۰۳۵, respectively). Conclusion: Our findings revealed that exercise training, particularly MICT, will be highly helpful in the prevention of DCM through the improvement of glucose metabolism and reduction of ۱۵-LOX expression.