Prenatal Ultrasound Diagnosis and Short-term Outcome of Congenital Malformations: Experience of the Maternity and Reproductive Health Hospital “Les Orangers” - Rabat, Morocco, between ۲۰۱۱-۲۰۱۶

Background: The objective of our study to analyze the data of the prenatal diagnosis of congenital malformations at the maternity and reproductive health hospital "Les Orangers" in Rabat and to identify the main anomalies detected, their percentage and their short-term outcome.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted at the maternity and reproductive health hospital "Les Orangers" in Rabat, Morocco. The data was collected and reported on pre-established sheets and on the register of malformations of the hospital.Results: A total of ۲۴۵ cases of congenital malformations comprising ۴۷۰ types of congenital malformations were recorded out of a total of ۴۳,۹۲۳ births over a period of five and a half years, giving a prevalence of ۵.۵۸ per thousand.Prenatal diagnosis was made in a third of cases (۳۳%), essentially during the ۲nd-۳rd trimester of pregnancy. The anomalies revealed by this antenatal diagnosis were dominated by urinary malformations in ۷۰% and central nervous system anomalies in ۶۷%, followed by other types of congenital anomalies in less than ۴۰% of cases, while genetic problems were detected in ۲.۵%; this rate is underestimated since chromosomal abnormalities sometimes appear as syndromes, so that in some diseases, genetic changes are not separated from other abnormalities, and since more than half (۵۰.۷%) of cases presenting polymalformative syndromes not survived ۷۷% of cases i.e. (۴۸.۵% of deaths and ۲۸.۵% of FDIU) and an etiological study was not carried out.Conclusion: Antenatal ultrasound allows early detection and monitoring of the evolution of congenital malformations, and thus the possibility of ensuring early and adequate management of these anomalies from birth. In our context, it is necessary to develop a prenatal screening program for congenital anomalies and a network of reference centers for the management of these anomalies in order to improve their prognosis.

Keywords:

Antenatal Diagnosis , congenital malformation , Evolution , Morocco