Evaluation of Compressive Mechanical Properties of the Radial Bone Defect Treated with Selected Bone Graft Substitute Materials in Rabbit

Objective- To determine the effect of selected bone graft on the compression properties of radial bone in rabbit. Design- Experimental in vivo study. Animals- A total of ۴۵ adult male New Zealand white rabbits. Procedures- The rabbits were anesthetized and a one-cm-full thickness piece of radial bone was removed using oscillating saw in the all rabbit. The rabbits were divided into ۵ groups on thebasis of the material used to fill the bone defect: group ۱: the paste of bone cement calciumphosphate; group II: the paste of calcium phosphate mixture with type I collagen; group III:tricalcium phosphate mixed with hydroxyapatite (TCP & HP) with ۵% porosity; group IV: thesame scaffold as group III with ۱۰% porosity; and group V: the same scaffold as group III andIV with ۲۰% porosity, with ۹ rabbits in each group. Subsequently subdivided into ۳ subgroupsof ۳ rabbits each. Results- There was a significant increase in compression properties of radial bone in the group IIand V in ۲nd and ۳rd months as compared with groups I, III and IV. The mean endurable crackstrengthin group II and V were slightly higher than that of normal radius (P<۰.۰۵). Conclusion and Clinical Relevance- Application of calcium phosphate paste with type Icollagen and scaffold of tricalcium phosphate with hydroxyapatite having ۲۰% porosityindicated to have positive effect in integral formation of qualitative callus at the site of fractureand early re-organization of callus to regain mechanical strength too.