In industrial quail breeding all hatching eggs are subjected to preliminary selection according to external features and
egg weight. This means that the issues of evaluating hatching eggs, increasing hatchability, and the viability of young animals during artificial incubation do not lose their relevance. Comparative assessment was carried out on the quality of incubation eggs of Estonian and Manchurian Golden quail breeds with different mass-to-volume ratios, as well as the results of incubation and the values of electromagnetic impulses during the incubation of quail eggs. The material for the study was the eggs of the Estonian and Manchurian Golden (MG) breeds of quials. Eggs were selected with a shelf life of no more than ۷ days. At the first phase, ۱۰۰ eggs of each breed were opened and morphologically analyzed. At the second, three incubations were carried out. For each incubation, ۱۵۰ eggs of the Estonian and Manchurian Golden breeds were selected, of those, ۵۰ eggs were opened and a morphological analysis of the eggs of each breed was made. The incubation of quail eggs at the ۲nd phase was carried out in IPH-۱۰ incubators. At the ۳rd phase, eggs were incubated individually in an R-COM DX-۸۸۰۰XP incubator. During incubation, the development of embryos was monitored by candling eggs on days ۶, ۱۱, and ۱۶ of incubation. In the Manchurian Golden breed, ۷.۵ times fewer eggs fell into the first variation class, and ۲.۳ times more eggs into the third variation class compared to the Estonian breed (p < ۰.۰۵). The large diameter of the
egg increased on average by ۴.۳%, while the small one decreased by ۳.۲%. Egg shape index increased by ۳.۳% in Manchurian eggs, while by ۲.۹% in Estonian eggs (p < ۰.۰۵). The value of the "Haugh unit" index decreased by ۴.۲% in the eggs of the Manchurian Golden breed, while by ۵.۹% in the eggs of the Estonian breed (p < ۰.۰۵). The ratio of mass and volume significantly affected the results of incubation of eggs. In the second and third classes, an average of ۶.۱ and ۲.۷% more quials hatched than in the first class. In terms of hatchability of eggs, these differences were more significant and amounted to ۱۵.۸ and ۱۴.۰%, respectively.
