Background:
Pancreatic cancer and colon cancer pose significant challenges in treatment, with poor prognoses.
Natural products have long been explored for their potential as anticancer agents.
Iso-mukaadial acetate has shown promise in inducing apoptosis in breast and ovarian cancer cells. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of
Iso-mukaadial acetate on pancreatic (MIA-PACA۲) and colon (HT۲۹) cancer cell lines.
Methods: Pancreatic (MIA-PACA۲) cancer cells, colon (HT۲۹) cancer cells, normal embryonic kidney cells (HEK ۲۹۳), and normal lung cells (MRC۵) were cultured and treated with
Iso-mukaadial acetate (IMA) for ۲۴ hours. The viability assays were conducted using Alamarblue reagent and a real-time cell viability monitoring system, xCELLigence. The IC۵۰ values were determined, followed by assessments of ATP production, caspase ۳/۷ activation, mitochondrial function, morphological changes using a light microscope, and gene expression changes via RT-PCR.
Results: This study indicates that
Iso-mukaadial acetate exhibited concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects, slowing cellular proliferation in both cancer cell lines. Activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and caspase ۳/۷ suggests induction of apoptosis. Reduced ATP production and altered gene expression further support its anticancer properties. Morphological changes after treatment with
Iso-mukaadial acetate showed apoptotic characteristics which may suggest that apoptosis was induced.
Conclusion: According to the results obtained,
Iso-mukaadial acetate shows potential as an anticancer agent, evidenced by its effects on cellular viability, mitochondrial function, ATP production, caspase activation, and gene expression in pancreatic and colon cancer cells. These findings highlight its promise for further investigation and potential in the development of therapeutic agents.