Synthesized diterpene lactone derivative attenuated Freund’s complete adjuvant-induced arthritis in Wistar rats

Objective(s): In this study, the SP-۳۸ (Diterpene Lactone derivative) was designed, synthesized from clerodane diterpene (lactone) isolated from Polyanthia longifolia var. pendula, and tested for anti-arthritic activity using the FCA-induced arthritic rat model.Materials and Methods: This study examined the in vivo effects of SP-۳۸ using three different doses (۲۰, ۱۰, and ۵ mg/kg) by oral administration for ۲۱ days from day ۸ after ۰.۱ ml FCA sub-planter injection until day ۲۸. Arthritis index, paw swelling, ankle diameter, body weight as well as biochemical, hematological, histopathological, and radiological parameters were examined.Results: Administered SP-۳۸ reduced arthritis index, paw volume, and joint swelling compared to the arthritic control group. Accordingly, rats treated with SP-۳۸ showed a remarkable increase in body weight and improved biochemical, hematological, histopathological, and radiological parameters. Furthermore, it reduced the increased production of CRP and RF while simultaneously decreasing ESR in all SP-۳۸-treated rats. However, SP-۳۸ showed promising liver protection by reducing elevated serum levels of liver and kidney function markers SGOT, SGPT, and ALP. Furthermore, splenic index, TNF-α, and IL-۶ levels were significantly reduced compared to arthritic control rats at certain doses.Conclusion: The result of the present study concludes that SP-۳۸ has significant anti-arthritic potential in FCA-induced arthritis in Wistar rats. SP-۳۸ therefore showed promising anti-arthritic activity, as evidenced by attenuation of inflammation, inflammatory markers, and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels.

Keywords:

Anti-arthritic , Anti-rheumatoid , Clerodane diterpene , FCA model , Rheumatoid arthritis