Globalization and Marsh’s Environment-Population in Iraq using GIS Analysis

Abstract Iraq's Hammar marsh was a key region for food production economically. The Hammar marsh's ecosystem had started to deteriorate by ۱۹۸۰ because of the war. Ever since then it has had serious issues brought on by both natural and human causes. We highlight these issues, their links, and how social and economic forces led to environmental deterioration in this essay by focusing on globalization. We measured changes in ecological, economic, and social systems using a variety of metrics during the last ۲۰ years in order to quantify the issues and chronicle the changes. Significant climatological changes, including decreases in precipitation and humidity as well as temperature rises, have influenced environmental deterioration in the Hammar marsh. The Hammar marsh's social structures were also subjected to a great deal of stress, including as conflict and sanctions. To determine how the environment has changed across three periods between ۲۰۰۲, ۲۰۱۲, and ۲۰۲۲, we computed and examined categorization changes in Landsat images. Throughout the research region, changes in climatological variables were linked to changes in the vegetation and water.

Keywords:

globalization , Marsh’s Environment in Iraq , Geospatial analysis , Social and economic factors