Higher Morbidity and Mortality in Trauma Intensive Care Unit Patients with Opium Addiction

Background: Opium addiction is associated with multiple physical, psychological, and social problems. Theaim of this study was to compare the risk of morbidity and mortality in opium-addicted and non-addictedtrauma patients admitted to the intensive care units (ICUs) of trauma center of Kerman Province, Iran.Methods: In this cohort study, a total of ۲۰۰ addict and non-addicted patients who were admitted due totrauma in ICUs of Shahid Bahonar Hospital in Kerman during ۹ months of ۲۰۱۸ were included. Patients werecompared in terms of mortality, incidence of pressure ulcers, incidence of organ failure, duration of mechanicalventilation, and duration of hospitalization. Data were analysed using Fisher's exact test and independentt-test at P < ۰.۰۵.Findings: Out of ۱۹۷ examined patients, ۱۶۱ (۸۱.۷%) individuals were men and ۳۶ (۱۸.۳%) were women.Moreover, ۹۸ (۴۹.۷%) patients had a history of opium abuse, while ۹۹ (۵۰.۲%) patients had no history of opiumaddiction. The addicted and non-addicted groups had no significant differences in terms of age(P = ۰.۶۵۰) and gender (P = ۰.۵۸۰). In addicted patients, mortality, duration of mechanical ventilation(P = ۰.۰۲۷), the incidence of pressure ulcer, and organ failure were significantly higher (P < ۰.۰۰۱), but meanICU stay and hospitalization time was the same in both groups.Conclusion: The results of this study indicated higher mortality and morbidity in opium-addicted patientsadmitted to ICU than non-addicted ones. This suggests that various systems of the body are affected by opiumand, in certain circumstances such as severe diseases, this will cause problems for patients. Therefore, expertsshould pay attention to complications and side effects of addiction in the management of critical patients witha history of opium abuse.

Keywords:

mortality , Morbidity , Intensive care units , Opioid-related disorders