Determinants of the Implementation of Physical Activities among Elderly in Tehran City, Iran

Introduction: Evidence indicates that despite the importance of exercise and physical activity on the health of elderly, the amount of physical activity (exercise) among this vulnerable class of society is declining. This study was conducted with the aim of identifying the determinants of the implementation of physical activities among older adults in Tehran City, Iran. Method: This was a qualitative study with Grounded theory methodology. Data was collected via semi-structured in-depth interviews and field notes during the years ۲۰۱۵-۲۰۱۶. Thirty elderly and ۱۰ sport experts were interviewed. Data analysis was carried out using Corbin and Strauss approach. Results: Concepts of the study were identified using micro- and macro-analysis. In during of data analysis, ۳۵۰ free codes related to elderly physical activity were extracted and classified into three categories of environmental, interpersonal, and intrapersonal factors, ۲۰۰ of which were assigned to barriers and ۱۵۰ to motivators. Conclusion: The determinants of physical activity in elderly were as motivators which included positive impression of physical activity, positive self-perceptions, and habits of physical activity, and inhibitors that included negative self -perceptions, health problems, lack of willingness to work, and time management problems. Providing sports services to the elderly can facilitate their participation in physical activities by exploiting the motivators and removing the barriers, and improve the physical and mental health of the elderly.

Keywords:

motivation , Inhibition , Grounded theory , Aged , Sports