Investigation of Vault and Dome structures in Iranian Architecture

The term Iranian arch and dome refers to arches and domes that are firstly built using building materials such as stone, brick and clay, and secondly, they follow Iranian traditions in their execution methods, construction forms and geometric forms. Structural investigations on Iranian arches and domes are effective and possible when there is sufficient knowledge of the above structural elements. This recognition may include different aspects that the preliminary chapters of this project are dedicated to. In this regard, Iranian arches and domes have been studied in terms of materials used, execution methods and building forms. Then arches and domes are studied from the geometric aspect and divided in this sense. According to the special feature of the geometry of Iranian rooms and domes, a part of the project is dedicated to the introduction of Iranian arches. In the following, the historical aspect of vaulting and dome building in Iran is examined and the history of the origin and evolution of arch and dome forms is stated. Due to the fact that building materials lack tensile strength, special methods should be used in the analysis of such structures. Generally Arch and dome design includes determining geometric dimensions, choosing suitable materials and providing construction methods. In addition, it is necessary to determine the driving forces of the above elements for the design of the foundation and their bases. Arch (vault) and dome architecture in the world always delights people and the countries that used these architectures in the past are considered touristic countries today and their works are registered in UNESCO, as well as the past architecture of every country today. It is the country and they are proud of it. In addition to being a vast country in the past, Iran has been one of the best in the world in terms of science, culture, art, military power, and most importantly, architecture and construction techniques. We can be proud of our country today and be proud of its past. In this regard, an attempt was made to have an overview of a part of Iran's beautiful architecture in the field of arches and domes and their classification. In this research, the knowledge of the subject is done through documentary studies, the available texts and sources are studied about the investigation of the arch and dome in different periods of Iranian wisdom and art. In this way, this research is formed using documentary and library studies.

Keywords:

Arch , vault , dome , typology , Iran