The First Report of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) Occurrence in Tomato Greenhouses of Lorestan Province

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is one of the most important tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) viral diseases in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions of the world. The amount of damage caused by this virus is severe and may reach ۱۰۰%. Its natural vector is Bemisia tabaci. In order to detect and investigate the genetic diversity of TYLCV, suspected leaf samples were collected from tomato greenhouses in Khoramabad city. In the molecular evaluations, a ۵۵۰bp fragment was amplified using the specific degenerate primer pair of Begomoviruses transmitted by whiteflies, which indicates TYLCV infection in the investigated samples, and overall, ۱۸ infected tomato samples were detected out of ۳۰ samples suspected of TYLCV. Also, the comparison of the nucleotide sequences of Khoramabad isolates (Kh۱ and Kh۲) in NCBI confirmed the detection of TYLCV in the studied region. The determined nucleotide sequences showed ۹۴.۷۹-۹۷.۶۳% and ۹۰.۵-۹۵.۶۹% nucleotide and amino acid identities with other available sequences of TYLCV in NCBI, respectively. Pair-by-pair comparison matrix of nucleotide sequences of two Khoramabad isolates with ۱۵ selected isolates from the gene bank using SDT v۱.۲ software showed the sequences of the two studied viral isolates are highly similar and the percentage of their nucleotide similarity is ۹۵.۶۰%. Also, Kh۱ isolate had the most similarity (۹۵.۴۰%) with the Kuwait isolate and the Kh۲ isolate showed the highest similarity (۹۷.۶۰%) with the Iraq isolate. These results were identical to what was seen in the drawn phylogeny tree using Mega۱۱. This was the first report of widespread occurrence of TYLCV in tomato greenhouses of Lorestan province.

Keywords:

Begomovirus , Detection , Genetic diversity , Khorramabad , TYLCV