Royal Jelly Enhances Skin Wound Healing in Mice Model by Modulating Glutathione Peroxidase Activity and CCL۲ Chemokine Gene Transcription

Background & Objective:  Wound healing can be impaired by diabetes and aging, leading to delays, scarring, or infections. There is a need for improved treatments to expedite wound healing. Complementary and alternative medicine often utilizes natural remedies for disease management. Royal jelly (RJ), a natural bee product, is a food supplement known for its beneficial biomedical properties. CCL۲ exhibits angiogenic properties and has been observed to promote tissue regeneration. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) plays a critical role in tissue repair by preventing apoptosis and tissue damage caused by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. This study investigates the application of Royal Jelly to accelerate skin wound healing through modulation of GPx activity and CCL۲ expression.    Materials & Methods:  Thirty mice were divided into six groups. Royal jelly treatment (۲.۵, ۱۰, and ۴۰ mg/kg) was administered orally. Following the treatment period, GPx activity was measured in blood samples, and the transcription level of the CCL۲ gene was assessed in healing wound tissue samples using real-time PCR. Evaluation of epithelial tissue formation and the presence of inflammatory and fibroblastic cells was conducted in prepared wound tissue sections. Results:  Analysis of wound diameter revealed that oral administration of RJ (۱۰ and ۴۰ mg/kg) significantly accelerated wound healing (P=۰.۰۱۹۸). Moreover, GPx activity in the royal jelly groups (۲.۵, ۱۰, and ۴۰ mg/kg) was significantly lower (۴۳.۸, ۶۸.۶, and ۳۱.۱, respectively) compared to the PC group (P=۰.۰۰۰۱). Additionally, CCL۲ mRNA levels in the royal jelly groups (۲.۵, ۱۰, and ۴۰ mg/kg) were significantly higher (۱.۹, ۶.۶, and ۱۵.۲ times, respectively) than in the PC group (P<۰.۰۵). Administration of ۴۰ mg/kg of royal jelly significantly increased fibroblast cells in tissue sections. Conclusion: Royal jelly, as a complementary food drug, facilitates wound healing by promoting the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts, regulating ROS production, and stimulating CCL۲ gene transcription.

Keywords:

Wound Healing , Glutathione Peroxidase , CCL۲ chemokine , Royal jelly