Type of Payloads in satellites: A Review

Today, the need to use satellites and their applicationsis not hidden from anyone, so this has led to thedevelopment of various types of satellites with differentapplications. Satellites generally consist of two parts,the bus and the payload, and in this article, we willspecifically focus on the payload, e.g., see Fig. ۱.satellite payload encompassing various parameters thatdelineate its diverse facets. These parameters includepayload type, orbit type, vehicle type, weight,frequency band, application, and regional analysis. Interms of payload type, it includes communication,imaging, and navigation segments. The orbit typeclassification comprises LEO (Low Earth Orbit), MEO(Medium Earth Orbit), and GEO (Geostationary EarthOrbit), offering a dynamic perspective on satellitedeployment. Vehicle types are diversified into small,medium, and heavy, reflecting the spectrum of satellitesizes and capacities. The payload weight segment addsgranularity to the analysis by dividing it into low,medium, and high categories, reflecting the diversepayload capabilities of satellites. Frequency bands playa pivotal role, with classifications such as C band, Kaband, S and L band, X band, VHF, and UHF band.Applications diversify the market even further,encompassing telecommunication, remote sensing,scientific research, surveillance, and navigation, e.g.,see Fig. ۲. Lastly, the regional analysis brings a globalperspective, focusing on North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and LAMEA (Latin America, Middle East, andAfrica).

Keywords:

Payload-Transponder-Antenna–Camera-Sensors.