Nano emulsion Formulation of Noni Leaf Extract and Maggot Oil (Hermetia illucens) as an Alternative to Antibiotic Growth Promoters

The extensive use of antibiotics growth promoters leads to residues and bacterial resistances. Alternative herbal from noni leaf extract (NLE) and maggot oil are needed that can boost poultry productivity and health. Secondary metabolite from NLE and fatty acids profile obtained from maggots that can be optimalized in nanoemulsion form. This study was aimed to characterized and determined the optimal formula of NLE and maggot oil (Hermetia illucens) in nanoemulsion form as an alternative of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP). Nanoemulsion formulation were divided into three treatments with three replicates: F۱ = ۲.۵ g/۱۰۰ mL NLE and ۱۲.۵ g/۱۰۰ mL maggot oil, F۲ = ۷.۵ g/۱۰۰ mL NLE and ۷.۵ g/۱۰۰ mL maggot oil, and F۳ = ۱۲.۵ g/۱۰۰ mL NLE and ۲.۵ g/۱۰۰ mL maggot oil. Nanoemulsion preparation was carried out by mixing all the component of formula were homogenized by using homogenizer ultra turrax at ۱۲۵۰۰ rpm for ۲۰ minutes. Particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, transmittance and solubility were calculated to evaluate nanoemulsion formulation. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and formula of nanoemulsion were optimized by using simplex lattice design. The results showed that NLE has the highest phytochemical is steroid. The formula had significant effect (P<۰.۰۵) on particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index (PI), and transmittance with F۱ had the lowest particle size and PI and the highest transmittance compared to other formula, while zeta potential were stable compared to standards. Nanoemulsion formulation optimized by using ۲.۱۲۵ g/۱۰۰ mL NLE and ۱۲.۸۷۵ g/۱۰۰ mL maggot oil. Nanoemulsion that physically stable was unable to inhibit E.coli as indicated by the diameter of inhibition zone.

Keywords:

Antibiotic Growth Promoter , Formulation , maggot oil , Nanoemulsion , noni leaf