High-intensity interval training reduces Tau and beta-amyloid accumulation by improving lactate-dependent mitophagy in rats with type ۲ diabetes

Objective(s): This study aimed to investigate the effect of ۸-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on lactate-induced mitophagy in the hippocampus of rats with type ۲ diabetes.Materials and Methods: ۲۸ Wistar male rats were divided into four groups randomly: (i) control (Co), (ii) exercise (EX), (iii) type ۲ diabetes (T۲D), and (iv) type ۲ diabetes + exercise (T۲D + Ex). The rats in the T۲D and T۲D + Ex groups were fed a high-fat diet for two months, then a single dose of STZ (۳۵ mg/kg) was injected to induce diabetes. The EX and T۲D + Ex groups performed ۴–۱۰ intervals of treadmill running at ۸۰–۱۰۰% of Vmax. Serum and hippocampal levels of lactate, as well as hippocampal levels of monocarboxylate transporter۲ (MCT۲), sirtuin۱ (SIRT۱), forkhead box protein O (FOXO۳), light chain ۳ (LC۳), PTEN-induced kinase ۱ (PINK۱), parkin, beta-amyloid (Aβ), hyperphosphorylated tau protein (TAU), Malondialdehyde (MDA), and antioxidant enzymes were measured. One-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests were used to analyze the data. Results: Serum and hippocampal levels of lactate as well as hippocampal levels of MCT۲, SIRT۱, FOXO۳, LC۳, PINK۱, Parkin, and antioxidant enzymes were higher while hippocampal levels of Aβ, TAU, and MDA were lower in T۲D+EX compared to T۲D group (P-value<۰.۰۵)Conclusion: HIIT could improve mitophagy through Lactate-SIRT۱-FOXO۳-PINK۱/Parkin signaling in the hippocampus of rats with T۲D reducing the accumulation of Tau and Aβ, which may reduce the risk of memory impairments.

Keywords:

cognitive dysfunction , Diabetes mellitus-type ۲ , High-intensity interval - training , Hippocampus , Lactates , Mitochondria , Mitophagy