Green Synthesis of Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles: A Comprehensive Review on Eco-friendly Approaches, Characterization Techniques, and Potential Applications

Cobalt ferrite nanoparticle (CoFe۲O۴) have sparked intense attention due to their widespread use in biological application, photocatalytic dye degradation, environmental remediation, medicine, energy devices, and industrial domains. Modern alternatives have received a lot of attention due to growing concerns about the ecological and environmental effects of chemical and physical methods for preparing cobalt ferrite nanoparticles. Many researches have been undertaken on biological procedures that are cost effective, nontoxic, biocompatible, and environmentally friendly. This review discusses the protocol for the biogenic synthesis of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles using various plant parts; mechanism of green synthesis involves the use of natural reducing and capping agents, such as plant extracts, to produce nanoparticles with desired properties. Methods for characterizing the produced nanoparticles that were utilized to investigate their structural, morphological, and magnetic characteristics were also examined and various applications are highlighted. The review also identifies the challenges and opportunities for further research and development in this area, emphasizing the need for optimization of the synthesis parameters and exploration of novel eco-friendly precursors and capping agents. Overall, green synthesis of cobalt ferrite NPs presents a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach for producing advanced materials for various technological applications. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the current advancements in eco-friendly synthesis of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles, their characterization techniques, and potential applications.

Keywords:

Green synthesis , Plant extracts , Nanotechnology , CoFe₂O₄ NPs , applications