Frequency Of Psychiatric Disorders Of Axis I In Suicide Attempters With Drugs And Self-Immolation: A Case-Control Study

Background: Prevention of suicide is an essential part of the World Health Organization's first-ever psychotherapy program. Since by identifying the risk factors of suicide, preventive measures can be taken to prevent suicidal behavior, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the frequency of psychiatric disorders of axis ۱ in individuals who attempted suicide by drug overdose and self-immolation in Zahedan city. Methods: This case-control study was conducted in Khatam Al-Anbia Hospital and Ali Ibn Abi Talib Hospital in Zahedan. The study population includes all those who referred to the emergency room with the confirmation of the emergency medicine specialist about intentional drug poisoning and self-immolation (case group) and those who referred to the orthopedic, internal and surgical departments who did not have the same problem (control group, mentally stable). The tools used in this study include; Questionnaire of demographic characteristics and structured diagnostic interview for Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID). Results: Mean age, gender, marital status, employment frequency, and economic status in the three studied groups did not differ significantly between groups. The frequency of bipolar disorder was significantly higher in the self-immolation group compared to mentally stable group (P=۰.۰۴۸). The frequency of major depression in patients who committed self-immolation or poisoning was significantly higher than the control group (P<۰.۰۰۱). The frequency of pervasive anxiety in patients who had self-immolated or poisoned was significantly higher than the control group (P<۰.۰۰۱). Conclusion: Our abstracted evidence suggests that the frequency of bipolar disorder in people who self-immolated is prominently higher than mentally buoyant persons. Given the significance of Axis I disorders with higher incidence of suicide, comprehensive research is recommended on axis one disorder and suicidal thoughts among the young population and on the predictive role of Axis I disorders and self-destructive tendencies as precursor for attempting suicide.

Keywords:

Psychiatric disorders , Axis one , Suicide by medication , Self-immolation