Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)-Patient Support and the Role of Nursing: An Updated Review

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening condition characterized by severe lung inflammation and impaired gas exchange, often resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates. The complex nature of ARDS necessitates a multifaceted approach to patient support, with nursing care playing a crucial role in management. This updated review aims to elucidate the nursing role in the comprehensive care of ARDS patients, highlighting the importance of early identification, effective management strategies, and the provision of supportive care. A systematic review of recent literature was conducted, focusing on ARDS prognosis, risk factors, complications, treatment modalities, and nursing interventions. Data were extracted from various academic sources to synthesize evidence-based practices that enhance patient outcomes. Findings indicate that risk factors such as advanced age, female gender (while females show a higher incidence of ARDS, male patients may experience poorer outcome), smoking, and alcohol use significantly contribute to the ARDS development. Complications commonly associated with ARDS include multi-organ failure, pneumonia, and deep vein thrombosis. Effective management strategies involve mechanical ventilation, nutritional support, and pharmacological interventions. Nursing care is essential for monitoring patient status, administering medications, and facilitating communication among the interprofessional healthcare team. Key nursing interventions include respiratory therapy, patient education, and psychosocial support, all of which contribute to improved recovery and quality of life for ARDS patients. The nursing role in the ARDS management is integral to ensuring positive patient outcomes. By understanding the complexities of ARDS and implementing evidence-based nursing practices, healthcare providers can enhance nursing interventions, reduce complications, and facilitate recovery. Continued education and training for nurses in ARDS management are imperative for optimizing care delivery.

Keywords:

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome , nursing care , patient support , Treatment Management , risk factors , Prognosis