Association of Adiponectin Gene Polymorphisms rs۱۷۳۰۰۵۳۹, rs۲۶۶۷۲۹ and rs۱۵۰۱۲۹۹ with Adiponectin Levels, Insulin Resistance and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, in an Iranian Population

Background & Objectives: In this study, we investigated the relationship between polymorphisms in the adiponectin gene and biochemical parameters—specifically adiponectin levels, insulin resistance, and the presence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)—in an Iranian population. Materials & Methods: We conducted a case–control study comprising ۸۰ individuals with NAFLD and ۸۰ healthy controls. Genotyping of the ADIPOQ gene polymorphisms rs۱۷۳۰۰۵۳۹, rs۲۶۶۷۲۹, and rs۱۵۰۱۲۹۹ was performed using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) method, while serum adiponectin and insulin levels were quantified via enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Our findings demonstrated that patients exhibited significantly higher serum triglyceride levels, fasting blood glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and diastolic blood pressure compared to healthy individuals. In contrast, adiponectin and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were significantly lower in patients, and body mass index (BMI) was significantly elevated (P < ۰.۰۵). None of the analyzed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were associated with insulin resistance. However, there was a significant difference in both genotype and allele frequencies of the rs۱۵۰۱۲۹۹ variant between the patient and control groups. Additionally, within the case group for rs۱۷۳۰۰۵۳۹, GA carriers had a higher BMI than GG carriers. Moreover, significant associations were observed between the rs۱۷۳۰۰۵۳۹ and rs۲۶۶۷۲۹ polymorphisms and AST levels (P < ۰.۰۵). Conclusions: Our results suggest that the G allele of rs۱۷۳۰۰۵۳۹ in the adiponectin gene may play a protective role by reducing the complications associated with NAFLD, while the rs۱۵۰۱۲۹۹ polymorphism appears to be associated with an increased risk of NAFLD.

Keywords:

Non-alcoholic fatty liver , Adiponectin , polymorphism , Fatty tissue , Insulin resistance.