The Role of Diet and Lifestyle in Preventing Oral Diseases: A Meta-Analysis

Background: Oral health issues, such as dental caries, periodontal disease, and oral cancer, represent significant challenges to global health. Proper and balanced nutrition plays a vital role in this context, as it is fundamental to overall health, which includes the condition of the oral cavity and teeth. Nutrition pertains to the specific nutrients absorbed by the body, while diet encompasses all nutrients and non-nutrients consumed. The quality of nutrition directly influences the growth, development, and metabolic functions of the periodontium. A deficiency in essential nutrients can lead to changes in the primary factors associated with periodontal diseases, and dietary choices can significantly influence the progression of these ailments. This review article provides a meta-analysis of the existing literature to evaluate the effects of dietary and lifestyle factors on the prevention of oral health problems. Method: A systematic review of studies was performed from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from ۲۰۰۰ onward to investigate the connections between specific dietary components, lifestyle habits, and oral health outcomes. Results: The findings indicate notable correlations among elevated consumption of processed sugars, inadequate oral hygiene, and the use of tobacco and alcohol, all of which increase the likelihood of developing oral diseases. Conversely, a diet abundant in fruits, vegetables, and vital nutrients, along with consistent oral hygiene practices, is linked to a lower risk of these health issues. Conclusion: This meta-analysis highlights the essential role that dietary and lifestyle modifications play in strategies aimed at preventing oral diseases

Keywords:

Diet , Lifestyle , Nutrition , Oral Disease , Periodontal