The Impact of Artificial Intelligence Use on Adolescent Mental Health: Anxiety, Depression, and Self-Esteem

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies has significantly transformed how adolescents interact with digital environments. While AI-based tools—ranging from personalized learning systems to social media algorithms—offer numerous educational and entertainment benefits, concerns regarding their psychological effects are increasingly coming to light. This study investigates the influence of AI use on adolescent mental health, with a specific focus on anxiety, depression, and self-esteem. Drawing on recent research and qualitative insights, the paper explores how prolonged exposure to AI-powered platforms may contribute to emotional disturbances among youth. One of the primary findings is that adolescents using AI-driven social networks often face heightened levels of anxiety. This is attributed to the constant comparison culture fostered by algorithmic content curation, which prioritizes idealized portrayals of peers. Similarly, depressive symptoms are linked to the passive consumption of AI-filtered information, which can amplify feelings of loneliness and inadequacy. Furthermore, the study addresses the nuanced impact of AI on self-esteem. While some AI tools promote self-efficacy—such as adaptive educational applications—others, particularly appearance-based filters and recommendation systems, tend to erode self-worth by reinforcing unattainable standards. Unlike previous studies that focus solely on usage time or screen exposure, this research emphasizes the psychological mechanisms through which AI interacts with adolescent behavior and emotional regulation. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, surveys, and case studies involving teenagers aged ۱۳–۱۸ across various socio-economic backgrounds. The findings indicate a complex, bidirectional relationship: while AI can empower adolescents with tailored support and engagement, it can simultaneously undermine their emotional resilience when not moderated appropriately. The paper concludes with recommendations for parents, educators, developers, and policymakers. These include promoting digital literacy, implementing ethical AI design that prioritizes adolescent well-being, and encouraging open conversations about mental health. Ultimately, this study aims to foster a more balanced and informed perspective on how AI should be integrated into adolescents’ lives without compromising their psychological health.

Keywords:

Artificial Intelligence , Adolescents , Mental Health , Anxiety , Depression