Reliability Analysis of Protection Systems in High Voltage Substations with a Focus on Digital Relays

As high-voltage (HV) substations evolve with increased automation and digital integration, the reliability of protection systems becomes a critical pillar of grid stability. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the reliability of HV protection schemes, emphasizing the performance, advantages, limitations, and failure modes of digital protection relays. The study draws from both field data and theoretical models, examining key indices such as mean time between failures (MTBF), false trip rates, and communication latency in IEC ۶۱۸۵۰ environments. Best practices for maintenance, testing, and redundancy are also discussed to enhance system dependability in modern substations.

Keywords:

Reliability , Protection Systems , High Voltage Substations , Digital Relays