Emerging Biosensors for Egg Allergen Monitoring in Food Matrices: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

Egg allergy is one of the widely recognized food allergies globally, presenting serious health risks and concerns about food safety. The prompt, sensitive, and dependable identification of egg-derived allergens, including ovalbumin, ovomucoid, and Ovo transferrin, is paramount for ensuring consumer protection and adherence to regulatory standards. Conventional detection methodologies, such as ELISA and LC-MS, provide precision; however, they frequently demand extensive time and labor. This review delivers a thorough examination of contemporary advancements in nanotechnology-driven and bio affinity-based biosensing systems for the identification of egg allergens. We highlight electrochemical, optical, label-free, and paper-based biosensors, emphasizing their analytical efficacy, merits, and drawbacks. Principal challenges, encompassing matrix complexity, cross-reactivity, and the need for standardization, are thoroughly examined. Future prospects emphasize the integration of biosensors with portable devices, real-time monitoring capabilities, and artificial intelligence to foster enhanced food safety solutions.

Keywords:

Food safety , Egg Allergen , Biosensors , Food Matrices