The spatial analysis of energy intensity in Middle Eastern Countries

Today, energy plays special role in production process for economic growth and development. However whereas the energy sources are limited thus they should be utilized efficiently. The energy intensity index is one of the most appropriate indicators for optimized consumption that is affected by various factors per se. one can refer to some of effective factors on energy intensity as price of energy, income per capita, and rate of propagation of carbon dioxide. Given that overlooking of spatial dimension may create error in approximation therefore modeling of energy intensity of countries of the Middle East has been estimated in this study in terms of geographic situation and dimension of its distance of those countries by Spatial Durbin Model (SDM) with spatial lag during period (1990-2012). The significance of Durbin variable coefficients of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, Durbin variable of carbon dioxide propagation, and oil price Durbin ratio and variable of confirmatory spatial lag are employed in model estimation technique. Similarly, urbanism rate, per capita GDP, and oil price affect negatively the energy intensity at confidence level (95%).

Keywords:

Spatial analysis , Spatial dependence , Spatial panel data , Energy intensity , Gross Domestic Product (GDP)