Obesity is now a global problem and it is called Globesity which means many people around the world suffer from this disease. The rate of obesity has risen in recent decades. Weight loss and control of related risk factors like type2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic syndrome is an important concern in obesity management. Different therapeutic approaches such as lifestyle modification, use of anti-obesity drugs, and surgery are introduced for obesity treatment. Despite of gaining partially desirable results, the obesity is still a major health problem. Nonetheless, there are a number of limitations in the long-term efficacy and safety of these types of treatments. Therefore, finding a new approach that can overcome previous limitations is very attractive for both researchers and clinicians.Stem cell therapy using adipose-derived stromal cells seems to be a promising strategy to control obesityand related syndromes. To attain this aim, understanding of different type of adipose tissues, mainsignaling pathways, and different factors involved in development of adipocyte is essential.The pathway of Adipogenesis is divided into two main phases: the determination phase that is characterized by the differentiation of MSCs into the preadipocytes and the phase of terminal differentiation, which leads to the developing adipocyte phenotype. Several factors in these two different phases are involved in the adipogenic differentiation. Among these, a number of factors play an inhibitory role and other categories have stimulatory role. Obesity, which is the excess accumulation of adipose tissue can be concluded from adipogenic differentiation of MSCs. Therefore, this pandemic disease can be managed by inhibiting this process.In-vitro and in-vivo studies currently support stem cell therapy in the treatment of obesity. The results of studies conducted that the use of stem cells can significantly suppress obesity and related diseases such as cardiovascular and diabetes and improves dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. Recently, several cell-based methods like stem cell administration, brown adipose tissue transplantation, cell lysates and exosomes are examined on obese animal models to manage obesity and related disorders. Successful outcome of such preclinical studies can encourage the cell-based clinical trials in the near future