تاثیر شوری خاک و آب بر رشد و عملکرد چند ژنوتیپ گندم

Salinity is a major environmental stress that drastically affects plant growth and productivity. To achieve optimal crop production in saline regions, the most appropriate, logical choice is growing salttolerant varieties best suited for these regions. A two year field study was conducted at two locations on saline soils of Nishabour to investigate the effect of salinity on growth and yield of 22 wheat (Triticum aestivum.L) genotypes. Two salinity levels were imposed on two silt loam soils by irrigating with saline waters. Electerical conductivities of applied waters were l 4 and 6-8 dS m-1. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replications. The studied genotypes were Rowshan, Siossons, Falat, 4213, Ghods, 4211*, Bezostaya, 4211, Alvand, Gaspard, Cross Shahi, Gascogne, Marvedasht, Mahdavi, M.V.17, Hirmand, Alamout, 4209, Cross Arvand and Chamran. Yield and yield componenets were measured at grain physiological maturity. The results showed that grain yield, biological yield, number of seeds per spike and thousand kernel weight (TKW) were significantly decreased as a result of increasing salinity. Rowshan had the highest grain and biological yields. Harvest index of most genotypes were decreased by increasing salinity. Rowshan and Mahdavi had the highest TKW. According to results, it seems that Rowshan genotype was the most tolerant and Cross Arvand was sensitive genotype.

Keywords:

گندم , رقم فلات , رقم بزوستایا , رقم مهدوی , رقم روشن , رقم گاسپارد , شوری خاک , شوری آب , ژنوتیپ