بررسی امکان تغییر سیستم آبیاری از روش سطحی (غرق ابی) به زیرسطحی با لوله های پی وی سی (PVC) در باغ های پسته
صاحب اثر: سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی
مجری: پژوهشکده پسته
نوع محتوی: طرح پژوهشی
Language: Persian
استان موضوع گزارش: کرمان
شهر موضوع گزارش: رفسنجان
Document National Code: R-1091828
Publish: 16 February 2019
دسته بندی علمی: علوم کشاورزی
View: 287
Pages: 25
Publish Year: 1393
نسخه کامل Research منتشر نشده است و در دسترس نیست.
بررسی امکان تغییر سیستم آبیاری از روش سطحی (غرق ابی) به زیرسطحی با لوله های پی وی سی (PVC) در باغ های پسته abstract
In this project, the possibilities of changing the method of surface irrigation (flooding) to subsurface irrigation system (with porous PVC tubes) were studied on mature pistachio trees. This research was conducted as a randomized complete block design with three treatments and three replications. Treatments included: control (S) irrigated by flooding consistent with previous irrigation with 48 days irrigation frequency and the volume of 6720 cubic meters per hectare, P1 treatment, subsurface irrigation with PVC pipes with the amount of water used for irrigation control(S) and 12 days irrigation frequency and, P2 treatment, subsurface irrigation with PVC pipes with a water content of 75% of the water used to control and 24 days irrigation frequency. To study the effects of irrigation method changing on pistachio trees, at specified times, growth characteristics and the yield quantity and quality features were measured. Then water use productivity (WUP) was also calculated. The results showed that among the growth characteristics, only the leaf area and total number of buds were significantly increased by changes in irrigation methods. But changing irrigation methods on the most of quantitative and qualitative factors, significant effect at 5% level, as, increased the dry product from 0.8 to 1.6 Kg per tree, reduced blanking from 1.7 to 4.25 percent, increased splitting from 3.5 to 6 percent and reduced the number of nuts per ounce of pistachios from 1.3 to 2 units. While the WUP in irrigation methods of P1 and P2, increased 41.4% and 61.6%, respectively. There were no significant differences (P 0.05) in subsurface irrigation treatments in most traits. Furthermore, P2 method of irrigation in comparison with P1, in addition to a 25 percent reduction in water consumption, caused 14.3 percent increasing in WUP. The results of soil salinity in the root zone of trees in autumn (before leaching) also showed an increase in soil salinity in the soil surface and above the subsurface pipes. But, electrical conductivity of soil saturated extract after leaching and precipitation in the winter was appropriately. Economic evaluation of this project showed that high economic justification. So, with an annual investment of about 16 million rials in Hectare to change the system, depending on the choice of irrigation method P1 or P2, respectively, earning between 7.13 to 14.25 times the initial investments, growers will receive. Therefore, considering the limitations of the pistachio producing regions in Iran, In terms of quantity and quality of available water resources, P2 method, due to a 25 percent reduction in water consumption and increasing 61.6% and 14.3% in WUP, respectively, compared to methods S and P1, is advisable. Key words: Flood Irrigation, PVC Pipes, Subsurface Irrigation, Water Use Productivity, Pistachio, Salinity
بررسی امکان تغییر سیستم آبیاری از روش سطحی (غرق ابی) به زیرسطحی با لوله های پی وی سی (PVC) در باغ های پسته authors