Differentiation of adipocytes and osteocytes from human adipose and placental mesenchymal stem cells

Objective(s):Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) can be isolated from adult tissues such as adipose tissue and other sources. Among these sources, adipose tissue (because of easy access) and placenta (due to its immunomodulatory properties, in addition to other useful properties), have attracted more attention in terms of research. The isolation and comparison of MSC from these two sources provides a proper source for clinical experimentation. The aim of this study was to compare the characteristics of MSC isolated from human adipose tissue and placenta. Materials and Methods: Adipose and placental MSC were isolated from the subcutaneous adipose tissues of ۱۰ healthy women (۲۵ to ۴۰ years) and from a fresh term placenta (n= ۱), respectively. Stem cells were characterized and compared by flow cytometry using CD۲۹, CD۳۱, CD۳۴, CD۴۴, CD۴۵, CD۱۰۵, CD۱۶۶ and HLA-DR markers. Osteocytes and adipocytes were differentiated from isolated human mesenchymal stem cells (HMSC). Results: Adipose and placenta-derived MSC exhibited the same morphological features. ADSC differentiated faster than placenta; however, both were differentiated, taking up to ۲۱ days for osteocyte and ۱۴ days for adipocyte differentiation. About ۹۰% of PLC-MSC and ADSC were positive for CD۲۹, CD۴۴, CD۱۰۵, and CD۱۶۶; and negative for CD۳۱, CD۳۴, CD۴۵, and HLA-DR. Conclusion: The two sources of stem cells showed similar surface markers, morphology and differentiation potential and because of their multipotency for differentiating to adipocytes and osteocytes, they can be applied as attractive sources of MSC for regenerative medicine.

Keywords:

Adult stem cells , Differentiation , Fetal stem cells , Mesenchymal stem cells