Analyzing the effects of tectonic faults on the characteristics of springs

Given to the increasing population, every day, more waterresources are needed. Also Surface water resources do not have enough. Because of this limitation, Attention has been drawn towards groundwater resources from the past. A geology consideration is important for groundwater studies, especially the study of lithology and tectonic geological formations that are involved in creating space and water storage. In this study, the effect of the fault (number of faults, faults, fault faulting length and density) were studied on the spring characteristics of Torbat-e Jam. In order to achieve these goals, ARCGIS software was used. The results shows that a large number of tectonic fault (۳۴۷ pcs), the distance from the faults in three distance ۱۰۰۰, ۳۰۰۰ and ۷۰۰۰ meters, so that away from the faults, the number of Springs was reduced, High fault density (۵۱/۲۰ km/km۲ ) and the high faulting (۷۱۶ km) have a positive effect on the Springs discharge and the appearance of them. Formation of P gn (gneiss, muscovite, biotite, quartz) has the highest average discharge (۶۷/۸ m/s) Because of high density and Formation of P vs (limestone, dolomite like gneiss) has the highest Total discharge (۶۴/۳۸ m/s) Because of high density fault. The overall resultshows the superiority of the aquifer formation on the sandstone and limestone formations and the impact of faults on the appearance and discharge spring.

Keywords:

Water resources , Groundwater , geomorphology , Torbat-e Jam , tectonic