Effects of zeatin riboside, mannitol and heat stress on eggplantn (Solanum melongena L.) anther culture

In this research, the effects of zeatin riboside (۰.۶, ۰.۸, ۱, ۱.۲ and ۱.۴ mg l-۱), duration of heat stress of ۳۵ °C (۶, ۸, ۱۰ and ۱۲ days) and mannitol (۰, ۱۰, ۲۰, ۳۰ and ۴۰ mg l-۱) on anther culture of four eggplant cultivars were investigated in independent experiments. These experiments were performed according to a factorial arrangement in a randomized complete blocks design layout. The results showed significant interaction effects between the cultivars and treatments. The highest percentage of embryo-derived plantlets (۲۵%) was obtained in cultivar Chantal using ۱ mg l-۱ zeatin riboside and ۸ days of the heat stress. The results also indicated that the use of ۱۰ mg l-۱ mannitol had the highest embryo-derived plantlets (۶۶.۶%) in cultivar Chantal. In cultivars Hadrian and Faselis, the ploidy levels of all regenerated plants from anther culture (۱۰ and ۲۱ plants, respectively) were determined through flow cytometry and it was found that ۶۰% and ۵۷.۱% of the tested plants were haploid, respectively. In cultivars Chantale and Valentina, ۳۰ regenerated plants were selected for determining their ploidy levels and the results showed that ۴۰.۲% and ۵۱.۵% of the plants were haploid, respectively.

Keywords:

Androgenesis , Haploidy , Osmotic stress