Effects of Non-Sinusoidal Motion and Effective Angle of Attack on Energy Extraction Performance of a Fully-Activated Flapping Foil

Flapping foil energy harvesting systems are considered as highly competitive devices for conventional turbines. Several research projects have already been carried out to improve performances of such new devices. This paper is devoted to study effects of non-sinusoidal heaving trajectory, non-sinusoidal pitching trajectory, and the effective angle of attack on the energy extraction performances of a flapping foil operating at low Reynolds number (Re=۱۱۰۰). An elliptic function with an adjustable parameter S (flattening parameter) is used to simulate various sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal flapping trajectories. The flow around the flapping foil is simulated by solving Navier–Stokes equations using the commercial software Star CCM+ based on the finite-volume method. Overset mesh technique is used to model the flapping motion. The study is applied to the NACA۰۰۱۵ foil with the following kinetic parameters: a dimensionless heaving amplitude h۰ = ۱c, a shift angle between heaving and pitching motions = ۹۰°, a reduced frequency f* = ۰.۱۴, and an effective angle of attack αmax varying between ۱۵° and ۵۰°, corresponding to a pitching amplitude in the range ۰ = ۵۵.۵۱° to ۹۹.۵۱°. The results show that, the non-sinusoidal trajectory affects considerably the energy extraction performances. For the reference case (sinusoidal heaving and pitching motions, Sh = S =۱), best performances are obtained for the effective angle of attack, αmax = ۴۰°. At small effective angle of attack αmax ۴۰°), non-sinusoidal pitching motion has a negative effect. Performances improvement is quite limited with the combined motions non-sinusoidal heaving/sinusoidal pitching.

Keywords:

Flapping foil , Renewable energy , Energy extraction , sinusoidal trajectory , Non , CFD