Evaluation of the relationship between TMD symptoms and family history in orthodontic patients and controls

Aim: There is a controversy about the relationship between familial history, orthodontic treatment and the onset or intensification of Temporomandibular disorders (TMD). According to high prevalence of TMD and the importance of its diagnosis as well as the lack of enough information in determining the role of the familial traits in the inheritance of TMD symptoms, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between familial history and TMD by considering the orthodontic treatment. Material and Method: The present case-control study was performed on ۱۷۰ patients, aged over ۱۴ years, referring to Shahid Beheshti Dental School and a private clinic. Patients with a history of head and neck trauma, history of orthognathic surgery, and systemic diseases were excluded.Results: The prevalence of TMD was ۴۷.۱% and the most detected sign was clicking. The prevalence of TMD in patients with orthodontic treatment was ۵۶.۶%, in patients with familial history was ۶۰% and in patients with both orthodontic treatment and familial history was ۶۳.۶%. TMD had higher prevalence in the age over ۲۶, in women, increased over bite and in patients who had parafunctional habits. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that the prevalence of TMD in patients with familial history was higher than those with no family history. Thus, orthodontic treatment should be considered an important environmental factor and family history as a risk factor for TMD in our treatments.

Keywords:

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) , familial history , Orthodontic Treatment