Human-Climate Connection in North Central Iran Between ۶۰۰۰ and ۲۷۰۰ BCE
Publish place: Iranian Journal of Archaeological Studies، Vol: 10، Issue: 1
Publish Year: 1399
نوع سند: مقاله ژورنالی
زبان: English
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JR_IJASB-10-1_006
تاریخ نمایه سازی: 13 تیر 1401
Abstract:
During the Holocene, man’s challenges with climate entered a new phase. Holocene climatic cycles, by creatingdry events, have imposed many subsistence tensions on water-dependent communities. The semi-arid and aridregion of North Central Iran, which has been very vulnerable to any climate change, experienced unfavorableenvironmental conditions during these climatic events. So far, only a handful of Early Holocene rural settlementshave been found in the region, possibly because of the mostly arid climate of the period. In general, the firstevidence of Neolithic villages in North Central Iran dates back to the beginning of the Middle Holocene, afterthe ۸.۲ ka BP event. The first cultural flourishing of this region can be seen from the last quarter of the sixthmillennium BCE. Each cultural flourishing period seems to have declined for some time with the occurrence ofa dry event. The effects of climatic tensions on human societies in North Central Iran have been found around۶۵۰۰-۶۰۰۰, ۵۷۰۰-۵۴۰۰, ۵۰۰۰-۴۷۰۰, ۴۳۰۰-۴۰۰۰, and ۳۳۰۰-۲۷۰۰ BCE. According to data analysis, the frequency ofsettlements and the trend of cultural progress gradually peaked from the early sixth millennium to the mid-fourthmillennium BC, but in the second half of the latter millennium, a gradual decline began which led to the BronzeAge collapse in ca. ۲۷۰۰ BCE. This event probably occurred due to the drop in temperature and the increase in thefrequency and severity of aridity in the transition phase to the Late Holocene.
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Authors
Babak Shaikh Baikloo Islam
Department of History and Archaeology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Ahmad Chaychi Amirkhiz
Iranian Center of Archaeological Research .
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