Description of cellular receptors in the SARS‐CoV‐۲ infectious disease and potential therapeutic approaches

SARS-CoV-۲ or Covid-۱۹ virus is the cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome. This viral pathogen can infect humans mainly via the tract of respiratory. The virus has an RNA genome that encodes two classes of proteins, including enzymatic and structural proteins. One of the structural peptides placed on the virus surface is the spike protein or S protein. This protein, which appears as a glycoprotein on the surface of the virus, binds the virus to the host cell. This glycoprotein detects and binds to the angiotensin-converting enzyme ۲ (ACE۲) molecule on the surface of cell. This protein is then processed by a set of proteases of host cell, thus helping the virus entry into the host cell. Protease peptides including TMPRSS۲, furin, and cathepsins are contributed to this molecular processing. Therefore, inhibition of any of these receptors could be a promising therapeutic approach for the SARS-CoV-۲ treatment. The aim of this study was to define cell receptors in the pathogenicity of Covid-۱۹ virus and to offer probable therapeutic plans based on these receptor’s inhibition.

Keywords:

SARS‐CoV‐۲ , Infection , ACE۲ receptor , Protease receptors