Blood Pressure Regulating and Antioxidant Potentials of Theobroma Cacao Pod Husk Protein Hydrolysates
Publish place: Avicenna Journal of Medical Biochemistry، Vol: 9، Issue: 1
Publish Year: 1400
نوع سند: مقاله ژورنالی
زبان: English
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JR_MEBIO-9-1_004
تاریخ نمایه سازی: 30 مرداد 1401
Abstract:
Background: Agrowastes like Theobroma cacao (Cocoa) pod husk can be used to prepare bioactive
peptides with various bio-functionalities.
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate antioxidant and angiotensin converting enzyme I (ACE)
inhibitory peptides contained in Theobroma cacao (cocoa) pod husks – an agro-waste.
Methods: Protein isolated from cocoa pod husk was enzymatically digested with alcalase, pepsin, and
trypsin. ACE inhibition, kinetics of ACE inhibition, and antioxidant properties of the cocoa pod husks
hydrolysates were evaluated in vitro.
Results: Trypsin and alcalase hydrolysates displayed higher peptide yields (۶۳.۱% and ۶۱.۲%) than pepsin
hydrolysate (۶۱.۲%). However, no significant difference (P>۰.۰۵) was observed in the degree of hydrolysis
(DH) of the three proteases on cocoa pod husk protein. Methionine, lysine, and cysteine were the amino
acid residues presented in cocoa pod husk hydrolysates. A concentration-dependent ACE inhibition by
cocoa pod husk hydrolysates was observed. The highest ACE inhibitions of ۸۴.۴%, ۸۱.۵%, and ۷۳.۵%
were obtained at ۲.۰ mg/mL of pepsin, trypsin, and alcalase hydrolysates, respectively, with the minimum
IC۵۰ value of ۰.۳۶ mg/mL obtained for trypsin hydrolysate. An uncompetitive and mixed-type inhibition
was obtained from double reciprocal plots of alcalase and pepsin as well as trypsin cocoa pod husk
protein hydrolysates. The Ki values of ACE inhibition for pepsin, trypsin, and alcalase hydrolysates were
۳.۰۵, ۲.۱۹, and ۳.۵۷ mg/mL, respectively. A concentration-dependent increase in the scavenging of
۲,۲-diphenyl-۱-picrylhydrazyl and superoxide radicals as well as ferric reducing antioxidant power were
recorded for the cocoa pod husk hydrolysates.
Conclusion: Trypsin and alcalase cocoa pod husk protein hydrolysates could be an effective source of a
natural ACE inhibitor and antioxidant.
Keywords:
Authors
Rotimi Arise
Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
Samuel Tobi Farohunbi
Department of Biological Sciences, Thomas Adewumi University, Oko, Nigeria
Halimat Olanike Ayilara
Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria