Comparison of cardiovascular risk factors among coronary artery bypass graft patients in ۲۰۱۰ and ۲۰۱۶: A single-center study in Guilan province, Iran

BACKGROUND: There has been a change in the risk factor profile of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) in the western world. We sought to compare the risk factor profile of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery in northern part of Iran in ۲۰۱۰ and ۲۰۱۶.METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, medical records of ۲۹۶ CABG patients in ۲۰۱۰ and ۵۰۰ patients in ۲۰۱۶ were collected from a referral university hospital in Guilan province, Iran. We compared the risk factor profile using chi-square test or independent t-test as needed in the two time points, ۲۰۱۰ and ۲۰۱۶.RESULTS: The age of CABG patients significantly decreased from ۶۲.۴۹ ± ۸.۰۵ to ۵۸.۰۹ ± ۹.۲۰ over time. The frequency of hypertension (HTN) (۶۶.۲% vs. ۵۹.۱%, P = ۰.۰۴۵), diabetes mellitus (DM) (۵۱.۸% vs. ۴۳.۶%, P = ۰.۰۲۵), smoking (۳۵.۶% vs. ۲۸.۰%, P = ۰.۰۲۸), and patients with multimorbidity (۳۱.۸% vs. ۲۶.۷%, P = ۰.۰۰۱) increased in the second period compared to the first period of study. Whereas, the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and positive family history of coronary heart disease (CHD) remained stable over time (۴۹.۶% vs. ۴۹.۰%, P = ۰.۸۷۰; ۱۰.۵% vs. ۱۱.۱%, P = ۰.۸۱۰, respectively).CONCLUSION: We observed a dramatic increase in DM, HTN, and cigarette smoking as well as the multimorbidity prevalence in ۲۰۱۶ compared to ۲۰۱۰. Even with considering all study limitations, primary and secondary prevention program to decrease cardiovascular disease is required.

Keywords:

Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting , Risk Factors , Diabetes Mellitus , Hypertension , Smoking