Inhibitory potential of pure isoflavonoids, red clover, and alfalfa extracts on hemoglobin glycosylation

BACKGROUND: Non-enzymatic glycosylation of hemoglobin is complications of diabetes. Antioxidant system imbalance can result in the emergence of free radicals’ destructive effects in the long-term. Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) contain isoflavonoids and have antioxidant activity. This experimental study evaluated the inhibitory activity of pure isoflavonoids (daidzein and genistein), red clover and alfalfa extracts on hemoglobin glycosylation. METHODS: This study was performed in Iran. Stock solution of hydroalcoholic extracts of red clover and alfalfa in concentrations of ۱ and ۱۰ g/۱۰۰ ml and stock solution of daidzein and genistein in concentrations of ۲۵۰ ng, ۵۰۰ ng, ۲۵ µg and ۲۵۰ µg/۱۰۰ ml were prepared as case groups. Control group was without hydroalcoholic extracts of plants and pure isoflavonoids. All experiments were performed in triplicate. Hemoglobin was prepared and antioxidant activities were investigated to estimate degree of nonenzymatic hemoglobin glycosylation. RESULTS: There was no significantly difference between used extracts (extract of red clover and alfalfa) and control of the hemoglobin glycosylation but using daidzein (P = ۰.۰۴۶, ۰.۰۲۹ and ۰.۰۲۱, respectively) and genistein (P = ۰.۰۳۴, ۰.۰۳۶ and ۰.۰۲۸) significantly inhibited (P < ۰.۰۵۰) this reaction in ۲۵ µg/۱۰۰ ml, ۲۵۰ and ۵۰۰ ng/۱۰۰ ml concentrations when compared to control. in ۲۵ µg/۱۰۰ ml, ۲۵۰ ng and ۵۰۰ ng/۱۰۰ ml concentrations percentage of inhibition were ۳۲, ۸۰ and ۷۴.۵% respectively with used of daidzein and were ۲۱, ۸۳ and ۷۶% respectively with consumption of genistein. CONCLUSION: According to decrease of glycation of hemoglobin with isoflavonoids, two used plant in this study containing isoflavonoid may be useful on diabetes.   

Keywords:

Glycosylation , Genistein , Medicago sativa , Trifolium